 Phenytoin
"Phenytoin" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus,
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure,
which enables searching at various levels of specificity.
An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.
| Descriptor ID |
D010672
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| MeSH Number(s) |
D03.383.129.308.432.555.730
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| Concept/Terms |
Phenytoin- Phenytoin
- Diphenylhydantoin
- Fenitoin
- 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin
Phenytoin Sodium- Phenytoin Sodium
- Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate
- Diphenylhydantoinate, Sodium
Epamin- Epamin
- Phizer Brand of Phenytoin
- Phenytoin Phizer Brand
Epanutin- Epanutin
- Pfizer Brand of Phenytoin
- Phenytoin Pfizer Brand
Dilantin- Dilantin
- Park Davis brand of Phenytoin
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Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Phenytoin".
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Phenytoin".
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Phenytoin" by people in this website by year, and whether "Phenytoin" was a major or minor topic of these publications.
To see the data from this visualization as text, click here.
| Year | Major Topic | Minor Topic | Total |
|---|
| 1983 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 1985 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 1986 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 1989 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 1994 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 1995 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 1999 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 2006 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 2009 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 2013 | 0 | 2 | 2 | | 2020 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
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Below are the most recent publications written about "Phenytoin" by people in Profiles.
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DeMott JM, Slocum GW, Gottlieb M, Peksa GD. Levetiracetam vs. phenytoin as 2nd-line treatment for status epilepticus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy Behav. 2020 10; 111:107286.
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Sathe AG, Elm JJ, Cloyd JC, Chamberlain JM, Silbergleit R, Kapur J, Cock HR, Fountain NB, Shinnar S, Lowenstein DH, Conwit RA, Bleck TP, Coles LD. The association of patient weight and dose of fosphenytoin, levetiracetam, and valproic acid with treatment success in status epilepticus. Epilepsia. 2020 06; 61(6):e66-e70.
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Chamberlain JM, Kapur J, Shinnar S, Elm J, Holsti M, Babcock L, Rogers A, Barsan W, Cloyd J, Lowenstein D, Bleck TP, Conwit R, Meinzer C, Cock H, Fountain NB, Underwood E, Connor JT, Silbergleit R. Efficacy of levetiracetam, fosphenytoin, and valproate for established status epilepticus by age group (ESETT): a double-blind, responsive-adaptive, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2020 04 11; 395(10231):1217-1224.
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Bleck T, Cock H, Chamberlain J, Cloyd J, Connor J, Elm J, Fountain N, Jones E, Lowenstein D, Shinnar S, Silbergleit R, Treiman D, Trinka E, Kapur J. The established status epilepticus trial 2013. Epilepsia. 2013 Sep; 54 Suppl 6:89-92.
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Riviello JJ, Claassen J, LaRoche SM, Sperling MR, Alldredge B, Bleck TP, Glauser T, Shutter L, Treiman DM, Vespa PM, Bell R, Brophy GM. Treatment of status epilepticus: an international survey of experts. Neurocrit Care. 2013 Apr; 18(2):193-200.
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Naidech AM, Garg RK, Liebling S, Levasseur K, Macken MP, Schuele SU, Batjer HH. Anticonvulsant use and outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 2009 Dec; 40(12):3810-5.
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Bleck TP, Chang CW. Ten things we hate about subarachnoid hemorrhage (or, the taming of the aneurysm). Crit Care Med. 2006 Feb; 34(2):571-4.
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Bleck TP. Management approaches to prolonged seizures and status epilepticus. Epilepsia. 1999; 40 Suppl 1:S59-63; discussion S64-6.
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Chang CW, Bleck TP. Status epilepticus. Neurol Clin. 1995 Aug; 13(3):529-48.
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Bebin M, Bleck TP. New anticonvulsant drugs. Focus on flunarizine, fosphenytoin, midazolam and stiripentol. Drugs. 1994 Aug; 48(2):153-71.
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